Constitution.
The basic principles and laws of a nation, state, or social group that determine the powers and duties of the government and guarantee certain rights to the people in it b : a written instrument embodying the rules of a political or social organization.
You are asking a fair question.
A Constitution is the basis of all of our law. It is similar to a mission statement in that it states what we are all about. Unlike a mission statement, it carries the weight of absolute law.
By the way...there is more than one copy. If the original was destroyed, the Constitution would live on.
No law can be made that does not adhere to the parameters set forth in the Constitution.
In addition...since we adopted English Common law as the basis for our law...any part of ECL that does not fit within our Constitution is voided.
I think why you are confused is that a lot of people here on YA point out things that they say are unconstitutional. That is their opinion not a fact.
There are very strict rules that the courts use to interpret the law. See:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judicial_interpretation
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statutory_interpretation
Yahoo people are amateurs at law not judges...there are volumes and volumes of case law which contain rulings on Both the constitution and statutory law. These rulings are precedents that must be followed by subsequent judges unless they can provide a really, REALLY good reason to overturn one. Even then the final say will be in the Supreme Court.
The Constitution is the basis of all law...but few people understand law enough to realize that just because the Constitution does not specifically address an issue...that that specific issue has not already been addressed from a Constitutional perspective.
Once a ruling has been made...it carries the full weight of the Constitution i.e. basic law behind it.